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一、df 命令简介

​df​命令用于显示文件系统的磁盘空间利用情况，包括文件系统的总空间、已用空间、可用空间以及挂载点信息。通过df​命令，用户可以快速了解系统中各个文件系统的空间使用情况。

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二、df 命令参数

df [选项] [目录/驱动器]

选项：

• ​-h​：以人类可读的格式显示输出。
• ​-T​：显示文件系统类型。
• ​-i​：显示inode使用情况。

目录/驱动器：指定要查询的文件或目录，如果未指定，则显示所有文件系统的使用情况。

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三、df 命令示例

示例1：显示所有文件系统的磁盘空间利用情况：

df

示例2：以人类可读的格式显示磁盘空间利用情况：

df -h

示例3：显示指定文件系统的详细信息：

df -T /dev/sda1

输出

soulio@ubuntu:~<span class="katex--inline"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>d</mi><mi>f</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>s</mi><mn>197</mn><mi>M</mi><mn>1.2</mn><mi>M</mi><mn>196</mn><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">/</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">/</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mn>232</mn><mi>G</mi><mn>13</mn><mi>G</mi><mn>18</mn><mi>G</mi><mn>43</mn><mi>t</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>s</mi><mn>982</mn><mi>M</mi><mn>0982</mn><mi>M</mi><mn>0</mn><mi>t</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>s</mi><mn>5.0</mn><mi>M</mi><mn>05.0</mn><mi>M</mi><mn>0</mn><mi>t</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>s</mi><mn>197</mn><mi>M</mi><mn>4.0</mn><mi>K</mi><mn>197</mn><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">@</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>u</mi><mo>:</mo><mtext> </mtext></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs           197M  1.2M  196M   1% /run
/dev/sda2        32G   13G   18G  43% /
tmpfs           982M     0  982M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           197M  4.0K  197M   1% /run/user/1000soulio@ubuntu:~</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8889em;vertical-align:-0.1944em;"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">df</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"><span class="mord mathnormal">h</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.01968em;">l</span><span class="mord mathnormal">esys</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">S</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">ze</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">U</span><span class="mord mathnormal">se</span><span class="mord mathnormal">d</span><span class="mord mathnormal">A</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">v</span><span class="mord mathnormal">ai</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.01968em;">l</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">U</span><span class="mord mathnormal">se</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span><span class="mord">197</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord">1.2</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord">196</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord">1/</span><span class="mord mathnormal">d</span><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">v</span><span class="mord">/</span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span><span class="mord mathnormal">d</span><span class="mord mathnormal">a</span><span class="mord">232</span><span class="mord mathnormal">G</span><span class="mord">13</span><span class="mord mathnormal">G</span><span class="mord">18</span><span class="mord mathnormal">G</span><span class="mord">43</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span><span class="mord">982</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord">0982</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord">0</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span><span class="mord">5.0</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord">05.0</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord">0</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span><span class="mord">197</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord">4.0</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">K</span><span class="mord">197</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mord mathnormal">so</span><span class="mord mathnormal">u</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.01968em;">l</span><span class="mord mathnormal">i</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord">@</span><span class="mord mathnormal">u</span><span class="mord mathnormal">b</span><span class="mord mathnormal">u</span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal">u</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"><span class="mrel">:</span><span class="mspace nobreak"> </span></span></span></span></span> df -T /dev/sda2
Filesystem     Type 1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2      ext4  32844560 13129596  18021012  43% /
</span></span></span></span></span>

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注意事项

• 可以结合其他命令（如grep​）来过滤df​命令的输出，以便查找特定信息。
• 确保有足够的权限来运行df​命令，以便获取正确的磁盘空间信息。

​df​命令是管理Linux系统中磁盘空间的重要工具，通过它可以及时监控文件系统的空间使用情况，帮助用户合理安排磁盘空间，避免因空间不足而导致的问题。

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