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以下是一个清晰且详细的 JavaScript 知识框架，涵盖基础知识到高级概念，适合学习和参考：

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JavaScript 知识框架

1. 基础知识

• 数据类型
  • 原始类型：Number，String，Boolean，Null，Undefined，Symbol，BigInt
  • 引用类型：Object，Array，Function
• 变量和作用域
  • 声明：var，let，const
  • 作用域：全局作用域、块级作用域、函数作用域
  • 闭包：概念与应用
• 操作符
  • 算术操作符、比较操作符、逻辑操作符、赋值操作符
  • 解构赋值、展开运算符、三元运算符

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2. 函数

• 定义方式
  • 函数声明、函数表达式、箭头函数
• 参数
  • 默认参数、剩余参数 (...args)
• 高级概念
  • 回调函数、闭包、纯函数
  • 高阶函数（map、reduce、filter）
  • this 和绑定：call、apply、bind

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3. 对象和类

• 对象
  • 创建：对象字面量、构造函数、Object.create
  • 操作：属性添加/删除、深浅拷贝、Object.assign
  • 原型链和继承
• 类
  • 类声明与方法
  • 静态方法、继承（extends）、多态

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4. DOM 操作

• 选择与操作
  • DOM 查询：getElementById，querySelector
  • 内容操作：innerHTML，textContent
  • 样式操作：style，classList
• 事件
  • 事件绑定：addEventListener
  • 事件模型：冒泡与捕获
  • 事件委托

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5. 异步编程

• 基本概念
  • 同步与异步
  • 回调函数问题（回调地狱）
• Promise
  • 状态：pending、fulfilled、rejected
  • 链式调用：then，catch
• async/await
  • 异步函数的定义与错误处理
  • try/catch 使用
• 事件循环
  • 微任务与宏任务
  • 例子：setTimeout，setInterval，Promise

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6. 模块化

• ES6 模块
  • import，export
• CommonJS
  • require，module.exports
• 其他
  • AMD，UMD

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7. ES6+ 特性

• 解构赋值
• 模板字符串
• 箭头函数
• let 和 const
• 类（class）
• Map 和 Set
• Symbol 和迭代器
• 扩展运算符（...）

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8. 工具与生态

• 开发工具
  • 打包工具：Webpack，Vite，Parcel
  • 转译工具：Babel
  • 版本管理：npm，yarn，pnpm
• 前端框架
  • React、Vue、Angular
• 后端技术
  • Node.js，Express
• 测试工具
  • 单元测试：Jest，Mocha
  • E2E 测试：Cypress，Puppeteer

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9. 性能与安全

• 性能优化
  • Debounce 和 Throttle
  • Lazy Loading 和 Virtual DOM
• 安全
  • 防范 XSS、CSRF
  • Content Security Policy (CSP)
  • CORS

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10. 高级主题

• 设计模式
  • 单例模式、工厂模式、观察者模式
• TypeScript
  • 类型系统、接口、泛型
• Web APIs
  • Fetch API、WebSockets、Service Workers
• 前沿技术
  • WebAssembly，微前端

// Comprehensive JavaScript Knowledge Frameworkconst jsKnowledgeFramework = {foundation: {dataTypes: ["Number","String","Boolean","Null","Undefined","Symbol","BigInt",],variables: {declarations: ["var", "let", "const"],scopes: ["global", "block", "function"],closures: true,},operators: {types: ["arithmetic","comparison","logical","assignment","bitwise","destructuring","ternary",],},},functionsAndObjects: {functions: {types: ["declaration", "expression", "arrow"],parameters: ["default", "rest", "spread"],concepts: ["callback", "higher-order", "pure functions"],},objects: {creation: ["literal", "constructor", "Object.create"],manipulation: ["get", "set", "defineProperty"],prototype: {inheritance: ["prototype", "class", "Object.setPrototypeOf"],},advanced: ["this", "bind", "call", "apply"],},},dom: {querying: ["getElementById", "querySelector", "querySelectorAll"],manipulation: ["innerHTML", "textContent", "classList", "append", "remove"],events: {binding: "addEventListener",delegation: "event delegation",models: ["bubbling", "capturing", "stopping propagation"],},styles: ["style", "getComputedStyle", "CSS Variables"],},asyncAndEventLoop: {asyncPatterns: ["callback", "promise", "async/await"],eventLoop: {concepts: ["call stack", "task queue", "microtasks", "macrotasks"],examples: ["setTimeout", "setInterval", "requestAnimationFrame"],},},modularity: {esModules: ["import", "export"],commonJS: ["require", "module.exports"],AMD: ["define", "require"],UMD: ["Universal Module Definition"],},es6Plus: {features: ["arrowFunctions","templateStrings","destructuring","spreadOperator","restOperator","defaultParameters","Map","Set","Symbol","WeakMap","WeakSet","class",],},ecosystem: {tools: {bundlers: ["Webpack", "Vite", "Rollup", "Parcel"],transpilers: ["Babel", "TypeScript"],},frameworks: {frontend: ["React", "Vue", "Angular", "Svelte"],backend: ["Node.js", "Express", "Koa", "NestJS"],},testing: {unitTests: ["Jest", "Mocha", "Chai", "QUnit"],endToEndTests: ["Cypress", "Puppeteer", "Playwright"],},stateManagement: ["Redux", "MobX", "Pinia", "Zustand"],},advancedTopics: {performance: ["Debouncing", "Throttling", "Lazy Loading", "Virtual DOM"],security: ["XSS Prevention", "CSP", "Same-Origin Policy", "CORS"],patterns: ["Module Pattern", "Observer Pattern", "Factory Pattern", "Singleton"],},
};console.log(jsKnowledgeFramework);